Catalonia
The capital of Catalonia, Barcelona, is Spain's second-largest city and home to one of the largest ports in the Mediterranean. This seaside location has certainly benefited the region's wine sector throughout history, as have the millions of tourists who flock to the city every year. Catalonia is considered distinct from Spain's other wine regions because of the versatility of its wine styles. France has a strong influence on two of its best-known wines: sparkling Cava, made in the Champagne style, and its red table wines, which share characteristics with those from Roussillon, just across the Pyrenees. Unsurprisingly, given its location, Catalonia's climate is strongly Mediterranean, with warm coastal areas receiving moderate rainfall. The interior is more like the arid plateaux of central Spain, although there are many cooler areas in the foothills and on high sites where the grapes for Cava, the region's hallmark, are grown. These include Macabeo, Parellada, Xarel-lo and some Chardonnay.
The sub-region: Priorat
Priorat is a small, dynamic wine region in Catalonia, north-eastern Spain, whose intense, full-bodied red wines have gained great renown in recent decades. Classic Priorat is made from old Garnacha and Carignan vines and shows concentrated aromas of liquorice, tar and brandied cherries. The climate is continental despite the relative proximity of the Mediterranean, and summers are long, hot and dry with very little rainfall. Spain's hot, dry vineyards are known for their low yields, but Priorat's vines yield five times less than the average. Yield is closely linked to quality: the lower the yields, the higher the quality. There are three main reasons for Priorat's very low yields: the climate, the nutrient-poor soils and the age of the vines.